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Characteristics of typical dissolved black carbons and their influence on the formation of disinfectionby-products in chlor(am)ination

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1585-9

摘要：

● The physicochemical and structural properties of DBC were characterized.

关键词： Dissolved black carbon (DBC)     Chlorine     Chloramine     Disinfection by-products (DBPs)     Disinfection by-products formation potential (DBPFP)    

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Formation of disinfection by-products during sodium hypochlorite cleaning of fouled membranes from membrane

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1389-3

摘要：

•HAAs was dominant among the DBPs of interest.

关键词： MBR     Biofouling     EPS     Chemical cleaning     DBPs     CLSM    

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Removal of organic matter and disinfection by-products precursors in a hybrid process combining ozonation

Xiaojiang FAN,Yi TAO,Dequan WEI,Xihui ZHANG,Ying LEI,Hiroshi NOGUCHI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 112-120 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0745-y

摘要： The performance of an integrated process including coagulation, ozonation, ceramic ultrafiltration (UF) and biologic activated carbon (BAC) filtration was investigated for the removal of organic matter and disinfection by-products (DBPs) precursors from micro-polluted surface water. A pilot scale plant with the capacity of 120 m per day was set up and operated for the treatment of drinking water. Ceramic membranes were used with the filtration area of 50 m and a pore size of 60 nm. Dissolved organic matter was divided into five fractions including hydrophobic acid (HoA), base (HoB) and neutral (HoN), weakly hydrophobic acid (WHoA) and hydrophilic matter (HiM) by DAX-8 and XAD-4 resins. The experiment results showed that the removal of organic matter was significantly improved with ozonation in advance. In sum, the integrated process removed 73% of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), 87% of UV , 77% of trihalomethane (THMs) precursors, 76% of haloacetic acid (HAAs) precursors, 83%of trichloracetic aldehyde (CH) precursor, 77% of dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) precursor, 51% of trichloroacetonitrile (TCAN) precursor, 96% of 1,1,1-trichloroacetone (TCP) precursor and 63% of trichloronitromethane (TCNM) precursor. Hydrophobic organic matter was converted into hydrophilic organic matter during ozonation/UF, while the organic matter with molecular weight of 1000–3000 Da was remarkably decreased and converted into lower molecular weight organic matter ranged from 200–500 Da. DOC had a close linear relationship with the formation potential of DBPs.

关键词： ceramic ultrafiltration(UF)     ozonation     organic matter     hydrophilic     hydrophobic     disinfection by-products    

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Concentration levels of disinfection by-products in 14 swimming pools of China

Xiaolu ZHANG,Hongwei YANG,Xiaofeng WANG,Yu ZHAO,Xiaomao WANG,Yuefeng XIE

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第6期   页码 995-1003 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0797-7

摘要： Swimming has become a popular exercising and recreational activity in China but little is known about the disinfection by-products (DBPs) concentration levels in the pools. This study was conducted as a survey of the DBPs in China swimming pools, and to establish the correlations between the DBP concentrations and the pool water quality parameters. A total of 14 public indoor and outdoor pools in Beijing were included in the survey. Results showed that the median concentrations for total trihalomethanes (TTHM), nine haloacetic acids (HAA9), chloral hydrate (CH), four haloacetonitriles (HAN4), 1,1-dichloropropanone, 1,1,1-trichloropropanone and trichloronitromethane were 33.8, 109.1, 30.1, 3.2, 0.3, 0.6 µg?L and below detection limit, respectively. The TTHM and HAA9 levels were in the same magnitude of that in many regions of the world. The levels of CH and nitrogenous DBPs were greatly higher than and were comparable to that in typical drinking water, respectively. Disinfection by chlorine dioxide or trichloroisocyanuric acid could substantially lower the DBP levels. The outdoor pools had higher TTHM and HAA9 levels, but lower trihaloacetic acids (THAA) levels than the indoor pools. The TTHM and HAA9 concentrations could be moderately correlated with the free chlorine and total chlorine residuals but not with the total organic carbon (TOC) contents. When the DBP concentration levels from other survey studies were also included for statistical analysis, a good correlation could be established between the TTHM levels and the TOC concentration. The influence of chlorine residual on DBP levels could also be significant.

关键词： disinfection by-products (DBPs)     swimming pool     correlation     total organic carbon (TOC)     chlorine residual     bather load    

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Bacteria inactivation by sulfate radical: progress and non-negligible disinfection by-products

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1629-9

摘要：

● Status of inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms by SO4•− is reviewed.

关键词： Sulfate radicals     Disinfection by-products     Inactivation mechanisms     Bacterial inactivation     Water disinfection    

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Formation of disinfection byproducts from accumulated soluble products of oleaginous microalga after

Yu Liu, Qiao Zhang, Yu Hong

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0938-2

摘要： When microalgae are simultaneously applied for wastewater treatment and lipid production, soluble algal products (SAP) should be paid much attention, as they are important precursors for formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs), which have potential risks for human health. sp. HQ is an oleaginous microalga that can generate SAP during growth, especially in the exponential phase. This study investigated the contribution of SAP from sp. HQ to DBP formation after chlorination. The predominant DBP precursors from SAP were identified with the 3D excitation-emission matrix fluorescence. After chlorination, a significant reduction was observed in the fluorescence intensity of five specific fluorescence regions, particularly aromatic proteins and soluble microbial by-product-like regions, accompanied with slight shifting of the peak. The produced DBPs were demonstrated to include trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids. As the algal cultivation time was extended in wastewater, the accumulated SAP strengthened the formation of DBPs. The trend for DBP formation was as follows: chloroform>dichloroacetic acid>trichloroacetic acid.

关键词： Chlorella sp. HQ     Chlorination     Disinfection byproducts     Fluorescence spectroscopy     Soluble algal products    

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Unlocked disinfection by-product formation potential upon exposure of swimming pool water to additional

Alvyn P. Berg, Ting-An Fang, Hao L. Tang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1098-3

摘要：

• Swimming pool water was studied for DBPs upon exposure to additional stimulants.

• DBP formation could be induced by residual chlorine and extended incubation.

• Urine led to a massive formation of chloroform with additional stimulants.

• Reactions between chlorine and anthropogenic organics were slow and long-lasting.

• Urine control and air ventilation should be on the priority list for pool management.

关键词： Trihalomethanes     Haloacetic acids     Chloroform     Residual chlorine     Anthropogenic organics     Swimming pool water    

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Enhanced formation of trihalomethane disinfection byproducts from halobenzoquinones under combined UV

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1510-7

摘要：

• 2,6-DCBQ and TCBQ generated THMs differently in chlorine and UV/chlorine processes.

关键词： Halobenzoquinone     Trihalomethane     Chlorine disinfection     UV irradiation     Disinfection byproducts     Combined UV/chlorine    

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Impact and inhibitory mechanism of phenolic compounds on the formation of toxic Maillard reaction products

Jing TENG, Xiaoqian HU, Ningping TAO, Mingfu WANG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第3期   页码 321-329 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017182

摘要：

As one of the dominant reactions occurring during thermal treatment of food, the Maillard reaction not only leads to the formation of aroma, browning color and taste compounds, but also contributes to the formation of some unpleasant toxic substances including acrylamide, heterocyclic amines and advanced glycation end products. Polyphenols, one of the most abundant antioxidants in the human diet, are contained in different kinds of foods. In this review, some recent studies on the impact of dietary polyphenols on the formation of acrylamide, heterocyclic amines and advanced glycation end products formed during the Maillard reaction are summarized, including the research work conducted with both chemical model systems and real food model systems; the possible inhibitory mechanisms of different polyphenols are also summarized and discussed in this review. Basically we found that some dietary polyphenols not only scavenge free radicals, but also react with reactive carbonyl species, thus lowering the formation of toxic Maillard reaction products. This review provides a useful theoretical foundation for the application of polyphenols in food safety, and suggests some directions for further study of natural products as inhibitors against the formation of toxic substances in thermally processed food.

关键词： advanced glycation end products     acrylamide     food safety     heterocyclic amine     Maillard reaction     polyphenols    

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Modeling and verifying chlorine decay and chloroacetic acid formation in drinking water chlorination

Wenjun LIU, Shaoying QI,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第1期   页码 65-72 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0010-y

摘要： This study presents a phenomenological model that can be used by the water professionals to quantify chlorine decay and disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation in water. The kinetic model was developed by introducing the concept of limiting chlorine demand and extending an established reactive species approach. The limiting chlorine demand, which quantifies chlorine reactive natural organic matter (NOM) on an equivalent basis, was mathematically defined by the relation between ultimate chlorine residue and initial chlorine dose. It was found experimentally that NOM in water has limiting chlorine demand that increases with chlorine dose once the ultimate residue is established. These results indicated that the complex NOM has a unique ability to adjust chemically to the change in redox condition caused by the free chlorine. It is attributed mainly to the redundant functional groups that persist in heterogeneous NOM molecules. The results also demonstrated that the effect of chlorine dose on the rate of chlorine decay can be quantitatively interpreted with the limiting chlorine demand. The kinetic model developed was validated for chlorine decay and chloroacetic acid formation in finished drinking water.

关键词： chlorine demand     chlorine decay     chloroacetic acids     disinfection byproducts     model    

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Catalytic oxidation of

Na Li, Xin Xing, Yonggang Sun, Jie Cheng, Gang Wang, Zhongshen Zhang, Zhengping Hao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1284-3

摘要： Abstract • Superior catalytic activity observed for o-chlorophenol oxidation on Co2MgAlO. • The reducibility, oxygen species and basicity influenced catalytic activity. • The organic by-products were generated in o-chlorophenol catalytic oxidation. A cobalt-based hydrotalcite-like compound was prepared using a constant-pH coprecipitation method. Cobalt-transition metal oxides (Co2XAlO, X= Co, Mg, Ca and Ni) were investigated for the deep catalytic oxidation of o-chlorophenol as a typical heteroatom contaminant containing chlorine atoms. The partial substitution of Co by Mg, Ca or Ni in the mixed oxide can promote the catalytic oxidation of o-chlorophenol. The Co2MgAlO catalyst presented the best catalytic activity, and could maintain 90% o-chlorophenol conversion at 167.1°C, compared only 27% conversion for the Co3AlO catalyst. The results demonstrated that the high activity could be attributed to its increased low-temperature reducibility, rich active oxygen species and excellent oxygen mobility. In the existence of acid and base sites, catalysts with strong basicity also showed preferred activity. The organic by-products generated during the o-chlorophenol catalytic oxidation over Co2MgAlO catalyst included carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, 2,4-dichlorophenol, and 2,6-dichloro-p-benzoquinon, et al. This work provides a facile method for the preparation of Co-based composite oxide catalysts, which represent promising candidates for typical chlorinated and oxygenated volatile organic compounds.

关键词： Hydrotalcite-derived mixed oxides     o-chlorophenol     Catalytic oxidation     Organic by-products    

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Safety issues of methylglyoxal and potential scavengers

Shiming LI, Siyu LIU, Chi-Tang HO

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第3期   页码 312-320 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017174

摘要：

The health safety of methylglyoxal (MGO) has been recognized as a key issue owing to its ultra-high reactivity toward some key biomolecules such as amino acids, proteins, DNA, sulfhydryl- and basic nitrogen-containing compounds, including amino-bearing neurotransmitters. In this review, we have summarized the endo- and exogenous sources of MGO and its accumulation inside the body due to high intake, abnormal glucose metabolism and or malfunctioning glyoxalases, and review the debate concerning the adverse functionality of MGO ingested from foods. Higher than normal concentrations of MGO in the circulatory system and tissues have been found to be closely associated with the production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), increased oxidative stress, elevated inflammation and RAGE (AGE receptors) activity, which subsequently progresses to a pathological stage of human health, such as diabetes complications, cancer, cardiovascular and degenerative diseases. Having illustrated the mechanisms of MGO trapping in vivo, we advocate the development of efficient and efficacious MGO scavengers, either assisting or enhancing the activity of endogenous glyoxalases to facilitate MGO removal, or providing phytochemicals and functional foods containing them, or pharmaceuticals to irreversibly bind MGO and thus form MGO-complexes that are cleared from the body.

关键词： reactive carbonyl species     advanced glycation end products     diabetes     brain health     methylglyoxal trapping agents    

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Control strategies for disinfection byproducts by ion exchange resin, nanofiltration and their sequential

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1725-x

摘要：

● Effects of AER adsorption and NF on DBP precursors, DBPs, and TOX were examined.

关键词： Disinfection byproducts     Control     Anion exchange resin     Nanofiltration     Cytotoxicity    

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活性炭深度处理技术的化学安全性及影响因素研究

陈卫,王磊磊,林涛,罗彬

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第5期   页码 32-37

摘要：

活性炭技术是净化微污染源水的有效手段，但其化学安全性值得关注。研究发现，活性炭出水中微量有机污染物仍有一定含量，AOC浓度仍达211 μg/L，并可检测到新的有机化合物，去除效果受炭种、源水水质和工艺运行等因素影响；活性炭对消毒副产物的去除效果不稳定，生物活性炭对卤乙酸前质（HAAs）表现出较好去除效果，但对三卤甲烷前质（THMs）的去除效果有限，去除效果与活性炭类型和工艺运行参数等因素有关；活性炭技术可以去除大部分臭氧化副产物的溴酸盐和甲醛，但水厂用纯氧生产臭氧时，活性炭的处理情况有所不同。活性炭易于吸附微囊藻毒素，微生物对藻毒素也有降解作用，仍应注意源水水质情况。另外，活性炭能有效去除致突变活性物质，即使在活性炭吸附TOC饱和后，仍能显著地去除致突变活性物质。

关键词： 饮用水     活性炭     化学安全性     副产物     藻毒素    

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Synergistic effects of sodium hypochlorite disinfection and iron-oxidizing bacteria on early corrosion

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1506-3

摘要：

• The early corrosion process in the cast iron pipes was investigated.

关键词： Cast iron pipe corrosion     Drinking water distribution systems     Chlorine disinfection     Iron-oxidizing bacteria     Coupling effects    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Characteristics of typical dissolved black carbons and their influence on the formation of disinfectionby-products in chlor(am)ination

期刊论文

Formation of disinfection by-products during sodium hypochlorite cleaning of fouled membranes from membrane

期刊论文

Removal of organic matter and disinfection by-products precursors in a hybrid process combining ozonation

Xiaojiang FAN,Yi TAO,Dequan WEI,Xihui ZHANG,Ying LEI,Hiroshi NOGUCHI

期刊论文

Concentration levels of disinfection by-products in 14 swimming pools of China

Xiaolu ZHANG,Hongwei YANG,Xiaofeng WANG,Yu ZHAO,Xiaomao WANG,Yuefeng XIE

期刊论文

Bacteria inactivation by sulfate radical: progress and non-negligible disinfection by-products

期刊论文

Formation of disinfection byproducts from accumulated soluble products of oleaginous microalga after

Yu Liu, Qiao Zhang, Yu Hong

期刊论文

Unlocked disinfection by-product formation potential upon exposure of swimming pool water to additional

Alvyn P. Berg, Ting-An Fang, Hao L. Tang

期刊论文

Enhanced formation of trihalomethane disinfection byproducts from halobenzoquinones under combined UV

期刊论文

Impact and inhibitory mechanism of phenolic compounds on the formation of toxic Maillard reaction products

Jing TENG, Xiaoqian HU, Ningping TAO, Mingfu WANG

期刊论文

Modeling and verifying chlorine decay and chloroacetic acid formation in drinking water chlorination

Wenjun LIU, Shaoying QI,

期刊论文

Catalytic oxidation of

Na Li, Xin Xing, Yonggang Sun, Jie Cheng, Gang Wang, Zhongshen Zhang, Zhengping Hao

期刊论文

Safety issues of methylglyoxal and potential scavengers

Shiming LI, Siyu LIU, Chi-Tang HO

期刊论文

Control strategies for disinfection byproducts by ion exchange resin, nanofiltration and their sequential

期刊论文

活性炭深度处理技术的化学安全性及影响因素研究

陈卫,王磊磊,林涛,罗彬

期刊论文

Synergistic effects of sodium hypochlorite disinfection and iron-oxidizing bacteria on early corrosion

期刊论文